Quantifying individual NOx point sources from space

We show how Landsat and Sentinel-2 can map and quantify NO2 plumes from individual power plants at 10-60 m resolution. See our preprint for the retrieval algorithm and demonstrations.

daniel varon NO2 NOx Landsat Sentinel-2 satellite harvard plume no2thumb



Observing methane from geostationary orbit

We used NOAA’s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) to monitor the 5-minute evolution of extreme methane releases from oil and gas infrastructure in Mexico and the US. Check out our paper for the full story.

daniel varon methane GOES satellite harvard plume goesthumb



Continuous weekly monitoring of Permian Basin methane emissions with TROPOMI

We used a Kalman filter to quantify weekly regional methane emissions from the Permian Basin, the largest oil-producing basin in the United States. See our paper for more information.

daniel varon methane tropomi satellite harvard plume kfpermian



Enabling easy access to analytical inversions of TROPOMI methane observations on the cloud

We built a user-friendly cloud-computing tool for researchers and stakeholders to estimate high-resolution regional methane emissions using TROPOMI satellite data: Integrated Methane Inversion (IMI). See the IMI website for details.

daniel varon methane tropomi satellite harvard plume imilogo



Monitoring methane point sources with multispectral Sentinel-2 satellite observations

We showed how the Sentinel-2 twin satellites (and Landsat) can detect and quantify anomalously large methane point sources. See our paper in AMT for the details.

daniel varon methane sentinel-2 sentinel satellite harvard plume thumb7



Quantifying methane emissions from individual coal mine vents from space

We estimated time-averaged methane emissions from individual underground coal mines by aggregating GHGSat-D observations in time. Check out our 2020 ES&T paper for the full story.

daniel varon methane satellite harvard plume sentinel-2 sentinel thumb2



Satellite discovery of large methane point sources from oil and gas production

We discovered massive methane point sources in an oil/gas field using the GHGSat-D and TROPOMI satellite instruments. Read more about it in our 2019 GRL paper.

daniel varon methane satellite harvard plume sentinel-2 sentinel thumb4



Deep learning for detecting methane plumes in noisy satellite imagery

We’re training convolutional neural networks to localize methane plumes in noisy satellite data. Here’s a first preprint on a U-Net algorithm to detect plumes in GHGSat data.

daniel varon methane satellite harvard plume sentinel-2 sentinel thumb3



Algorithms for quantifying methane point sources from space

We developed algorithms for retrieving emission rates from fine-resolution satellite observations of atmospheric methane plumes. Read more about them in our 2018 AMT paper.

daniel varon methane satellite harvard plume sentinel-2 sentinel thumb1



Early research projects

Star forming galaxies in a merging galaxy supercluster
Temperature variability and climate